Monday, April 4, 2011

This Geoid Is The Most Sophisticated Map Of Earth's Gravity Yet


GOCE's 'Potato Earth' View Yellow areas show the highest gravity, blue the lowest. ESA/HPF/DLR

Since 2009 the European Space Agency?s Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) has been mapping the Earth?s gravitational field, and today the agency released its most detailed model of the geoid to date. More potato-shaped than spherical, this latest model shows just how different gravity can be at different points on our planet.

The geoid is, roughly speaking, a model of the earth that doesn?t follow the surface of the crust but rather the average ocean surface if the oceans were at equilibrium and extended through the continents--in other words, the shape the earth would take based on its existing gravitational field if the tides, currents, and crust features didn?t distort things. It?s an idea that?s been around for well more than a century but only recently has been modeled precisely, largely thanks to GOCE.

Today?s new geoid marks the most precise model to date. In the above image, yellow indicates the strongest gravitational pull while blue indicates the lowest. And while we experience these differences in gravity as negligible, they have a big impact on ocean dynamics and the movement of heat around the planet--key to understanding atmospheric conditions and climate change.

The geoid also informs geology, a field of study recently punctuated in no small degree by the string of earthquakes in and around Japan that have wrought serious devastation. Researchers hope that GOCE?s data--more of which will be made available this fall--will help explain and define these big movements in the Earth?s crust.

Click the BBC link below for a full 360-degree view of Earth through GOCE?s eyes.

Ion-Propelled Gradiometer: GOCE must remain in stable free fall at low orbit, so an electric ion propulsion engine constantly provides small bursts of thrusts to counteract any air resistance the craft encounters. �ESA - AOES Medialab

[BBC]

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Sunday, April 3, 2011

Coming Soon To Your Mug: Temperature-Regulating Coffee Widgets


Joulies

A couple of engineer buddies have designed the latest must-have accessory for the coffee drinker. Joulies are metallic beans you drop into your hot cup of coffee to make it exactly 140 degrees. They haven't even been manufactured yet, but already the project has accumulated some $35,000 in Kickstarter cash. I guess a lot of people are tired of blistered tongues.

Each Joulie is a small metal shell filled with a phase-change material that melts at 140� Fahrenheit. (Some people might prefer 155� -- perhaps there will be a version for us.) So the Joulies absorb heat from the coffee till they reach 140�, and then start emitting heat. The effect (if you put in enough Joulies for your volume of beverage) is to maintain the coffee at the desired temperature for long enough to savor it. Using an insulated cup is recommended also.

We've seen this idea before, in the form of Fraunhofer's Perfect Coffee Mug, but this time it seems poised to actually come out of the lab and into your cup.

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Video: Control Gmail With Kinect-Like Motion Sensing


Gmail Motion Google

This April Fools prank is unsettlingly close to our heart. Google has unleashed a very funny video showing off their new initiative, Gmail Motion. Essentially a Kinect-like motion sensor for Gmail, Gmail Motion is basically an excuse for Google to have people act out awkward full-body gestures for "Mark All As Read."

What's especially great about this is that when I first saw the video's title, I had yet to note that today is April 1st, and thought, "Excellent! I love Kinect hacks!" I imagined swiping through messages with a wave of the hand, or using voice command to delete or move emails. Of course, when the video started, I remembered why this hasn't been done before: Because Gmail is a tremendously powerful and complicated web app, and all the intricate gestures you'd need would obviously be less efficient than just clicking or using keyboard commands. Way to kill my futuristic dreams with all your "practicality," Google.

The page they've set up for Gmail Motion is pretty great, too, with ludicrous testimonials from, for example, a scientist at the "California Center for Kinesis and Paralanguage" about how important non-verbal communication is. Congratulations, Google. You got me. For a second.

[Gmail Motion]

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Coming Soon To Your Mug: Temperature-Regulating Coffee Widgets


Joulies

A couple of engineer buddies have designed the latest must-have accessory for the coffee drinker. Joulies are metallic beans you drop into your hot cup of coffee to make it exactly 140 degrees. They haven't even been manufactured yet, but already the project has accumulated some $35,000 in Kickstarter cash. I guess a lot of people are tired of blistered tongues.

Each Joulie is a small metal shell filled with a phase-change material that melts at 140� Fahrenheit. (Some people might prefer 155� -- perhaps there will be a version for us.) So the Joulies absorb heat from the coffee till they reach 140�, and then start emitting heat. The effect (if you put in enough Joulies for your volume of beverage) is to maintain the coffee at the desired temperature for long enough to savor it. Using an insulated cup is recommended also.

We've seen this idea before, in the form of Fraunhofer's Perfect Coffee Mug, but this time it seems poised to actually come out of the lab and into your cup.

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Coming Soon To Your Mug: Temperature-Regulating Coffee Widgets


Joulies

A couple of engineer buddies have designed the latest must-have accessory for the coffee drinker. Joulies are metallic beans you drop into your hot cup of coffee to make it exactly 140 degrees. They haven't even been manufactured yet, but already the project has accumulated some $35,000 in Kickstarter cash. I guess a lot of people are tired of blistered tongues.

Each Joulie is a small metal shell filled with a phase-change material that melts at 140� Fahrenheit. (Some people might prefer 155� -- perhaps there will be a version for us.) So the Joulies absorb heat from the coffee till they reach 140�, and then start emitting heat. The effect (if you put in enough Joulies for your volume of beverage) is to maintain the coffee at the desired temperature for long enough to savor it. Using an insulated cup is recommended also.

We've seen this idea before, in the form of Fraunhofer's Perfect Coffee Mug, but this time it seems poised to actually come out of the lab and into your cup.

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Archive Gallery: Popular Science's Daycare of Horrors

Enjoy the motorized hanging cradle, the baby gas mask, the UV-ray baby branding prod, and more "infant-friendly" gadgets from our archives


February 1920

There are certain areas of expertise that came naturally to us over the years: cars, space, aviation, and computers, to name a few. During the first half of the past century, we even provided practical features for scientifically-minded housewives. But children and babies? Not so much. Hence this compilation of PopSci's most dubious child-rearing technologies.


Click to launch the photo gallery.

We'll be honest: As fond as we are of the crackpot inventions that have popped up on our pages over the years, we're not in the least bit surprised that most of the devices in this gallery never took off. At least half of them were made for the benefit of adults, rather than for infants, so in retrospect they look comically misguided. A motorized baby hammock suspended by wooden beams, for instance, looks more like a swinging jail cell than a cradle, while a UV lamp used for branding newborns in the hospital probably drew inspiration from a cattle prod. Then there's the baby can, literally a perforated can with a lid for storing babies on passenger trains.

At the same time, we meant well with the hooded baby gas masks and the baby sleeping porch, a compartment you could install outside the window (and 100 feet above ground) to give your baby fresh air.

Creeped out yet? Browse through our gallery to see these inventions in detail (and to thank your lucky stars that none of them fell in your mother's hands).

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Video: Da Vinci Surgical Robot Takes A Break to Make, Fly Paper Airplanes


Da Vinci Robot's Plane Swedish Seattle via YouTube

The da Vinci robot, renowned for its prostate surgery skill, can also fly planes. Well, paper ones anyway. With Dr. James Porter of Seattle's Swedish Medical Center guiding its tiny robotic arms through the process, da Vinci successfully folds and flies a miniature paper airplane in this video.

This isn't the first time we've been amazed at the dexterity of the four-armed da Vinci robot, which participated in the world's first fully robotic surgery last fall and has even spawned a Kinect-powered prototype. But it's good to see the machine having fun for a change. And it doesn?t surprise us that the namesake of the great Renaissance personality gravitated towards flying machines and art.

[IEEE Spectrum]

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Saturday, April 2, 2011

Company Offers $3 Million for an Algorithm That Predicts Whether You'll Get Sick 15 Years From Now


It?s almost as if Heritage Provider Network set out to create the perfect PopSci story by mashing up all of our favorite things: clever algorithms, a multi-million dollar intellectual competition, and the future. The California-based health care provider has put up a purse of $3 million for the person or group who can come up with a predictive algorithm that accurately identifies people at risk for hospitalization in the next year, thus encouraging predictive medical measures and reducing unnecessary hospital stays.

The prize, officially launching on Monday, aims to reduce the $30 billion that was spent on unnecessary hospital admissions in 2006 (The last year data was available? We?re quoting HPN here). To quote HPN further:

The winning Team will create a predictive algorithm that can identify patients who are at risk for hospital admissions. Once known, health care providers can develop new care plans and strategies to reach patients before emergencies occur, thereby reducing the number of unnecessary hospitalizations. This will result in increasing the health of patients while decreasing the cost of care.

It also results in the world?s largest predictive modeling contest that we know of, paying roughly twice the recent payouts for the Nobel Prize in medicine. HPN is also offering progress prizes along the way totaling another $230,000 to help leading contenders continue their research. Each team will be provided with a bunch of de-identified medical records on which to test their models. The first team to devise a working algorithm that achieves the required level of predictive accuracy wins.

The competition is expected to run for two years.

[Heritage Health Prize via Network World]

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Testing the Goods: The Nintendo 3DS

Nintendo ditches glasses in the first major gadget with a glasses-free 3-D display. Find out how it plays in our test


Nintendo 3DS on the New York subway Awaiting Street Pass friends! John Mahoney

The latest version of Nintendo's wildly, globally popular DS handheld gaming system (which goes on sale this weekend in the US) is an exciting gadget. It's the first major mainstream launch of a glasses-free 3-D display, something that bodes well for the future of the extra-dimensional entertainment world currently being pursued at full throttle by multiple industries. Is glasses-free 3-D gaming for real? I've been playing for the last week to find out.

You may already have seen our initial impressions and my general thoughts on 3-D gaming here, and after a week with the 3DS, I'm still sold. Gaming in 3-D is great fun, when it works. Which it does very consistently on the 3DS.

What's New

The aforementioned glasses-free display is the big one: it employs a parallax-barrier LCD (which we tore open to show you How It Works here). What's neat about the LCD parallax barrier is that the affect can be fine-tuned with a slider, ranging from a crystal-clear 2-D image all the way to full 3-D.

When side by side with the previous generation DSi, there are several other changes: aside from being in 3-D, the screen is also larger at 3.5 inches and has a higher resolution at 400 x 240 pixels (800 x 240 if you count the discrete images for each eye, up from the DSi's 3-inch, 256 x 192 pixel display); a slightly beefier case (just over two millimeters thicker and 16 grams heavier); and 2 GB of internal storage in addition to an SD card slot (it comes with a 2GB card in the box, for 4GB total). There's a 3-D camera on the back plus an additional front-facing single-lens camera for self-portraits; on the outside, an analog thumbstick joins the traditional D-pad on the left side of the controls; and, rounding out the insides, a gyroscope for orientation sensing has been added, as well as a more powerful processor and increased RAM.

What's Good

Gaming in 3-D: I will say it again: video games are the most natural use for 3-D screens (my thoughts on why are here). On the 3DS the 3-D effect is, for me, very well implemented. There is a definite sweet spot, which lives around 14-16 inches from your eyeballs when held straight-on, and if you venture too far out of it, the screen can be blurred (interestingly, there are sweetspots to the left and right as well, for friends looking over your shoulder). But after a very brief adjustment, I found it easy to stay in the zone and keep the 3-D view consistent.

That said, some friends who played had a harder time adjusting initially. It's probably smart to get some playtime before purchasing just to make sure your eyes and the 3DS get along.

The basics: The 3DS's system software, like most everything else Nintendo, is beautifully designed, interface wise. Lots of big rounded corners, sans-serif fonts, pleasing color schemes and cute icons--I love it. It also multitasks rather elegantly, allowing you to drop out of any game you're running to quickly change the display brightness, take a photo with the camera, jot a note, check notifications or friend status, etc, all while keeping your game's state preserved.

Plenty to do: In addition to games, there's lots of fun to be had with the pre-loaded software. The Wii's customizable Mii avatars are here, complete with a new feature to auto-create Miis based on a photograph of your own face. A built-in pedometer tracks your steps and doles out "Play Coins" for every ten you take, which you can use to unlock additional features like more minigames in the AR Games section, etc. I've taken 1,160 steps today with my 3DS.

A passive networking mode called StreetPass also exchanges Miis and other data with any other 3DS-toters who may come within range, even when the system is asleep in your pocket or bag. There haven't been too many 3DS players on the streets of NYC this week, but I'm excited to see how this feature takes shape in the big city once it goes on sale here.

Faces are also applied to Face Raiders, a fun built-in mini game for shooting cartoon balloons of your friends' faces out of the sky (as viewed by your 3-D camera). And then there are...

AR Games: The easiest way to wow someone with your new 3DS is to plunk one of the included AR Game cards down on a table and play AR Games, a pre-loaded suite of augmented-reality mini games that turn your tabletop (again as viewed by the 3-D camera on the back) into the stage for a dragon hunt, an archery range, a fishing pond and more. It's pretty magical, and while the replay value is not high, it's a great way to immediately show off all the capabilities of the machine at once.

Super Street Fighter 4: 3D Edition: The best launch game by far. I'm a Street Fighter fan already, and on the 3DS, this feels like full-blown Street Fighter 4 as it runs on my Xbox 360. The graphics are great, the 3-D effect perfectly implemented (including a new over-the-shoulder fight perspective), and online battles are possible. This is the game I've played most.

What's Bad

Battery Life: So bad I'll say it a few more times: battery life, battery life, battery bife. It's a terrible sign when even the often-inflated ratings provided by the manufacturer are embarrassingly low. Here, it's just 3-5 hours of 3-D play (compared to 9-14 on the DSi and 15-19 on the DS Lite). In the real world, you can expect to get even less than that sometimes. Having Wi-Fi on is the biggest battery suck--battling online with Street Fighter sapped a 75-percent full battery down to nearly a quarter in just under an hour. You can easily disable Wi-Fi with a dedicated switch on the side, but it's a shame the Wi-Fi is so inefficient, as it's necessary to enable cool features like StreetPass.

You can tell Nintendo is painfully aware of this deficiency. A new charging cradle is included in the box (meant to say "look how convenient it is to charge!") and instead of the 30-40 minutes of low-battery warning via an unblinking LED found on previous DS systems, the 3DS employs two red LEDs that blink angrily when juice is running out. It's best to heed their warning and save your game, because the time from low-battery indication to auto-shut-down can be just a minute or two.

So if your DS is a particularly friendly companion on long trips, expect to spend a lot of time playing at the lowest display brightness and with Wi-Fi disabled. Or be stuck reading a book after your battery dies.

Varying qualities of 3-D: How effective and tolerable the 3-D effects are seems to vary largely from game to game. Where Super Street Fighter IV almost never makes my eyes uncomfortable, and employs a great sense of depth rather than a constant barrage of objects flying out from the screen, Madden Football is full of jarring perspective changes and graphic elements. Thankfully you can dial back the 3-D effect for these games, but what's the fun in that? It will be interesting to see how developers maintain quality control in this new variable of game design.

Hardware design: To me, the DS Lite/DSi are some of the more pleasingly designed gadgets I've owned. Holding and using one, you get the sense that every superfluous element has been eliminated, and every necessary element has been honed down to its most precise form. And while the 3DS shares a very similar chassis, the details don't seem quite as locked down to me. The hinge jiggles when open a bit more than my DSi, and the whole thing feels a tad more cheap and plastic-y. A minor quibble.

No Mario! Nintendo hasn't launched many major consoles without Mario. And even more surprising, beyond our favorite plumber, very few recognizable Nintendo franchises are here at the start (the exception is Pilotwings Resort, which I found to be one of the more eye-straining games when I played it at the system's U.S. debut event earlier this year, interestingly enough). Games like Lego Star Wars III: Clone Wars show that your typical platform action is a blast in 3-D, so I can't wait for whatever Nintendo has cooked up for Mario, who is usually saved for its genre- and platform-defining titles.

The Price

$250, which is too much, considering the battery limitations (and that the DSi was $80 cheaper at $170).

The Verdict

Overall, the 3DS is a joy to play. For the most part, the glasses-free 3-D "just works" and is a thrilling experience that adds significantly to most games, even when it's not employed as a major gameplay element. I can't wait to see what developers (especially Nintendo's own) do with its capabilities.

That said, the battery life is a huge bummer. If you're like me, you grow almost afraid to use any gadget with such poor battery longevity; there's a nagging anxiety in the back of your mind that what you're doing won't last, especially if you feel like cranking up the display brightness (where it's at its prettiest) and using Wi-Fi to get the most out of your gadget. This is an unpleasant feeling.

Nintendo loves to release physically enhanced versions of its portable consoles pretty regularly, so it's safe to bet that a slimmer 3DS with better battery capacity (plus more efficient components) is on the horizon. That almost certainly won't happen any earlier than 12 months from now, though, so for the time being, the battery life (and price) will be the price to pay for what is otherwise top-notch portable 3-D gaming.

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Stephen Colbert Shouts Out to PopSci, Is Scornful of French Robots


PopSci.com on The Colbert Report The Colbert Report

Earlier this week, Stephen Colbert gave us a nice shout-out for Rebecca Boyle's post on the first robots to jump into the fray at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant. Seems like Colbert may have wanted to see some of Japan's own robotic earthquake helpers, or at least a contribution from somewhere other than perpetual Report punching bag France.

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